October 21, 2022

Road Freight / Terms

ADR It is a standard that includes the rules for the transportation of flammable, explosive and chemical substances by land. The law regarding membership to the ADR convention was enacted in the Turkish Grand National Assembly on 30 November 2005. The law entered into force on 1 January 2009
AIS Vehicle Monitoring System. It is a system in which vehicles are tracked via satellite using GPS and GPRS technologies.
Warehouse It is the place where the goods are kept under the supervision and control of the customs administration with the declaration given to the customs administration and allowed to be opened according to the provisions of the law.
Transfer Center They are regional processing centers where incoming cargo/cargo is unloaded, departures are loaded according to the destination, cargoes are stored in short time intervals during the day, and cargo/cargo transfers between vehicles are made.
Toolkit It is a tool bag containing hand tools (hammer, screwdriver, etc.) and a flashlight for minor repairs.
Luggage Tarpaulin of trucks etc. It is the section in the truck bed that is above the driver’s cabin, where they stack their belongings and allow the height of the load to be easily expressed.
Basar Tonnage Basar is also expressed as tonnage. It means the load limit (maximum load amount) of the vehicle.
Fifth Wheel It is a part on the chassis of the tractors, which is mounted on the length of the vehicle and designed to lock the connecting element of the semi-trailers, called the king pin, into it securely.
CMR It is a road transport document. The CMR Certificate is a transport document issued in accordance with the International CMR Agreement for truck transports.
Attractive It is a motor land vehicle with at least two axles used for towing semi-trailers.
Permanent Vehicle It is a spot vehicle that carries constantly.
Good It is the empty weight of the transport container.
Lower Damper Thanks to its hydraulic equipment specific to trucks, it is a type of body that can tilt 45 degrees in order to discharge the bulk cargo inside the body.
Tipper Semi Trailer It is a body system that works with hydraulic equipment to tilt 45 degrees and unloads the load itself. Different from trucks, there are also dump semi-trailers that can wash the material on the right or left.
Warehouse It is a place suitable for the storage of nationalized goods in open or closed areas.
Stupid The metal part on which the wheels turn. Those with single tires are referred to as single axles, and those fitted with double wheels are referred to as double axles.
Bulk Cargo Cargo not in any packaging. For example, coal, iron powder, etc.
FIRE A unit equivalent to 40 feet. It is the unit of measurement used to indicate the capacity of containers. 1 FEU is 40 ft (length) × 8 ft (width) × 9 ft (height) or 12,192 m (height) × 2.44 m (width) × 2.59 m (height) in metric and approximately 67.5 m³ in volume.
fictitious These are the bonded areas inside the factory.
Refrigerator It is a road vehicle designed and manufactured for the transport of foodstuffs, drugs and some chemicals sensitive to heat exchange, whose wall thickness and insulation value vary depending on the sensitivity of the material to the heat exchange and which has a cooling unit.
Gabari These are the measurements that determine the length, width and height of the vehicles in order to ensure safe travel on the road, loaded or unloaded.
Temporary Storage Location It is the place where the goods are allowed to be stored temporarily by the customs administration until they are subjected to a customs-approved treatment or use after they are presented to the customs.
Passage Certificate It is the document that specifies the cargo carried between the customs of departure and the customs of destination in international transports, that allows the passage through the customs of the countries of origin and destination and entry to the country where the cargo is to be unloaded. TIR Carnets are also included in the transit document.
Customs Enforcement Officer It is the officer to whom the customs declarations are delivered after the inspection officer of the goods in the customs and bonded areas. In addition, the authority to make and open the seal of sealed materials such as containers has been given to these officers.
Intermodal Transportation It is the type of transportation that is carried out by using two or more modes of transportation with the same transportation vehicle or container and in which the loads in the vehicle or container are not subjected to any handling during mode changes.
Limit of Istab It is the maximum weight of cargo or the number of passengers and servants that a vehicle or vehicle can safely carry and specified in the manufacturing standard.
Jumbo Semi Trailer It is a semi-trailer with dimensions of 13.60m x 2.45m x 2.65m, a gross volume of 90m3, and two-floor models.
Combined Transport It is a type of transportation that is not intermodal but is made by using more than one transportation vehicle (train, truck, etc.) in conjunction with each other.
Truck It is a motor land vehicle with at least two axles, with a maximum permissible laden weight of more than 3.5 tons, manufactured for the transport of goods or cargo, with a chassis suitable for mounting equipment on a chassis for different purposes or a body. Some of the trucks are suitable for towing trailers due to their design and engine power.
Truck Trailer It is a road vehicle for freight transport, consisting of a truck and a trailer manufactured in accordance with the characteristics of the load it will carry.
Van They are land transport vehicles with a maximum permissible weight of not exceeding 3.5 tons and manufactured to carry goods or cargo, with a case according to the type of load to be carried.
Weighbridge It is the measuring device that the vehicles that will receive loads stop to be weighed after they are empty and loaded.
Closed Safe It is a semi-trailer class with closed sides and roof that can be loaded only by opening the tailgate.
Curtainsider Semi Trailer It is a semi-trailer whose side surfaces and roof are closed with a curtain system, and which can be loaded both from the side and from the top of the chassis by opening the curtains.
Fishbone Semi Trailer (Container chassis semi trailer) It is a semi-trailer with at least one axle, which is designed and manufactured for the purpose of transporting containers, with a skeleton chassis, and has a container lock (twist lock) placed at the cross-cross end in the quantity and distance appropriate for the type of container to be transported.
King Pin It is a part made of forged steel that connects the fifth wheel of the semi-trailer tractor. It is produced in different sizes in line with the carrying capacity of the semi-trailer.
Rental Car A certain monthly rent and km. They are vehicles that work with a percentage of fuel per head.
Commission The money received from the driver of the vehicle who accepts to take the load, partly to be a side income, and partly to prevent the driver from taking the load.
Broker It is the person who finds the vehicle suitable for the load and receives a commission from the vehicle owner.
Commission Invoice Invoice issued for commission received.
bill of lading It is a cargo transport document containing information about the content of the cargo carried.
Container They are standard metal cargo boxes that are resistant to all kinds of atmospheric conditions, are used especially in intermodal transportation, can be easily handled and can be stacked on top of each other. The 20, 40 and 45 types are the most common. This classification is made according to the varying size of the containers.
Container Lock It is the mechanism that vehicles that lift or transport containers have to fix the containers at the corners.
LOW-BED It is a semi-trailer that allows the transportation of loads different from the length, height, width and tonnage that normal trucks and yachts can carry, other than the standards according to international and domestic road transport regulations, such as heavy construction machinery or special project loads.
Mega Semi Trailer They are 13.60 m x 2.50 m x 3.00 m semi-trailers with a volume of 102 m³.
Carrier Person engaged in transportation.
Freight It is the amount of the shipping cost excluding VAT.
I order It is the order given to clear the goods coming from abroad in return for the bill of lading.
Special Permit It is the document given to vehicles with foreign license plates to replace the transit document and to carry Turkish export products, without seeking a transit document in transportation.
Palette It is a platform used in storage and shipment, produced from various materials and on which the goods are placed. 
Loading Compass / Loading Offer The document that certifies the agreement of the vehicle that received the job from the KN Office with the office workers, the commission it has given, and that it has come for loading to the company from which it will take its load.
Piece Load They are partial cargoes that are not in the form of bulk cargo such as wheat and coal and cannot be placed in containers, can also be defined as general cargo, and can be in different package types. 
Partial Distribution It is the general name of the orders that need to be used by allocating the carrying capacity of the vehicle to more than one customer or that the serviced customers need to go to more than one point.
Psychotechnical Test The aim of psycho-technical evaluation is to measure and evaluate the mental and psychomotor abilities of drivers that enable them to drive safely with objective methods. It consists of the evaluation of driving abilities, driving attitudes towards traffic and personality in terms of traffic psychology. The validity period of the document is 5 years.
Ramp It is the area used to facilitate the process of taking the material to the warehouse or shipping it from the warehouse. 
Ring It is the system of picking up the same or different loads from various points within the framework of a program by a vehicle and delivering them to one or more points and collecting empty containers during deliveries or collecting and returning the empty containers by following the reverse route after all deliveries are completed.
Roller Carrier Semi Trailer It is a semi-trailer manufactured to carry loads of similar shapes and sizes, especially sheet metal in the form of rolls. A round cylindrical space at the base, which is opened in the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, ensures that the load is supported from both sides when loaded on the vehicle, so that the measures to be taken to fix the load on the vehicle can be made more simply.
Platform Semi Trailer It is a semi-trailer with a flat floor and no side covers. It is used to transport materials such as pipes, iron, containers. Its dimensions can be variable according to the container dimensions.
Shipment Note Official document stating the name, amount, freight cost and invoice number of the load on the vehicle. It is a document that must be arranged and kept with the goods during the transportation of the commercial goods from one place to another in order to control the goods in terms of tax legislation during the transportation.
Rescue It is the monetary value appraised by the insurance adjuster for the damaged products.
Spanzet It is the general name of polyester strips that are fixed to the surface on which the load will be carried by passing over the load and used to fix the load by stretching with a tensioning mechanism known as “purse purse”.
Spot Vehicle It is the general name of the vehicles with which a freelance, one-time transportation agreement is made.
Supalan It is a method generally used in land and sea transportation, the situation where the customs clearance of the material is made on the transport vehicle.
Driver The person who drives and manages a motor vehicle or vehicle on the highway
Urban Transportation These are the transportations made within the boundaries of the municipality and the contiguous area.
Swap Body Swap body is the name of the containers that are made too thin to be stacked on top of each other and cannot be lifted from the top by the stacker. They are made of very lightweight materials to reduce initial purchase costs and keep fuel costs to a minimum in the long run. Its dimensions are standard ISO container dimensions so that it can be loaded onto other container-carrying vehicles. Thanks to its foldable feet, which are generally located at four corners, it can change the vehicle it is transported without the need for any loading/unloading system.
Full Trailer It is a vehicle towed by a truck, designed and manufactured according to the characteristics of the load it will carry, with at least one axle and connected to the truck to which it is towed, with a connecting apparatus defined as a drawbar, turntable, hook, etc.
Subcontractor It is a legal entity that carries out a certain transportation business on behalf of another company with vehicles owned or otherwise connected to it as a result of a contract.
Transport Waybill It is the document prepared by the persons carrying out the transport activities in accordance with the provisions of the relevant legislation for the goods or cargo carried at the same time, on the same vehicle, belonging to one or more consignors and the sender.
Truck Scale It refers to a vehicle consisting of at least one towing and at most two towed trailers coupled together to navigate as a unit on the road.
Tilt Semi Trailer It is a semi-trailer type whose side surfaces are covered with a partially openable awning system.
not Unit equivalent to 20 feet. It is the unit of measurement used to indicate the capacity of containers. 1 TEU is 20 ft (length) × 8 ft (width) × 9 ft (height) or 6.10 m (height) × 2.44 m (width) × 2.59 m (height) in metric and approximately 38.5 m³ in volume. A 40′ container is also expressed as 2 TEU. However, 45′ containers are also sized as 2 TEUs.
Truck It is the initials of the French words Transports Internationaux Routiers. It is an agreement signed by the International Transport Union (IRU) within the United Nations Organization on January 15, 1959 in Geneva. This agreement is signed by 11 countries (Austria, Sweden, Portugal, Bulgaria, Finland, Hungary, France, Malta, Switzerland, Tunisia and Yugoslavia). It is a contract that allows combined transportation (road, rail, air, waterways) and the use of containers (1994). In practice, the road vehicles of the countries included in this agreement carry a TIR Carnet indicating the type, quantity and nature of the bonded goods loaded on the vehicle and TIR plates to be affixed to certain parts of the vehicle. The customs control of the goods specified in the TIR Carnet and loaded on the vehicle is carried out in the country of origin, only external controls -except in suspicious cases- are sufficient at the customs of the countries on the route to the destination. In our country, the transport vehicles consisting of semi-trailer and tow truck are called TIR.
Truck Carnet It is the carnet used in the TIR contract system and published by the IRU (International Road Transport Association) and made available to the member countries.
Public Transport Waybill By the owner of the vehicle, transported at once; The waybill prepared by writing the destinations/customers and the corresponding goods, prepared for the distribution of goods with more than one point/customer, for one or more goods, is called a public transportation waybill.
Transit Transport It refers to the transport of passengers or goods, which starts in any country and ends in another country after passing through the territory of at least one country, and covers the transports made through countries other than the countries of origin and termination.
CHANGE It is the creation of an integrated transportation system in which transportation is carried out economically and technically effectively and quickly with fleets that are safer and comply with environmental standards, including the social dimensions of international transportation. It is an international organization that was founded in 1953 by 17 countries, including Turkey as the founding country, and today has approximately 50 member countries. The activities in our country are carried out by the Ministry of Transport, and laws, regulations and practices related to standardization are carried out by this institution.
Fee Schedule It refers to the document that regulates the transportation activities in terms of wages in regular transportations and which must be complied with.
Domestic Transportation It is the transportation made between two points within the borders of a province, starting from any point of any province and ending at any point of another province, or regardless of the distance.
Half romork It is a road vehicle with at least one axle that is designed and manufactured specifically for the characteristics of the load it will carry and is towed by a towing vehicle with an engine, and is connected to the vehicle to which it is towed by means of a connection system called king pin.
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